What are Fungal Toenails?

Fungal toenails, also known as onychomycosis, are a common condition that causes the toenails to become thick, discolored, brittle, and sometimes painful. This infection is caused by fungi that thrive in warm, damp environments, such as public showers, pools, and sweaty shoes. If left untreated, fungal toenails can worsen over time and may spread to other nails or surrounding skin.

What causes Fungal Toenails?

Fungal toenail infections develop when fungi enter the nail through tiny cracks or cuts. Common risk factors include:

  • Exposure to Moist Environments – Walking barefoot in public places like locker rooms or pools.

  • Poor Foot Hygiene – Wearing damp socks or tight, non-breathable shoes.

  • Weakened Immune System – Conditions like diabetes or poor circulation increase susceptibility.

  • Previous Nail Injuries – Damaged nails are more vulnerable to infections.

Symptoms of Fungal Toenails

Fungal toenails often develop gradually, with symptoms including:

  • Yellow, white, or brown discoloration of the nail

  • Thickened or brittle nails that may crumble or split

  • A distorted nail shape or separation from the nail bed

  • A foul odor in severe cases

Prevention & Treatment

To prevent fungal toenail infections, consider the following:

  • Keep Feet Clean & Dry – Wash and thoroughly dry feet daily.

  • Wear Breathable Footwear – Choose moisture-wicking socks and well-ventilated shoes.

  • Avoid Walking Barefoot in Public Areas – Protect feet in locker rooms, pools, and communal showers.

  • Trim Nails Properly – Cut nails straight across and avoid cutting them too short.

Treatment options range from at-home remedies to medical interventions, including:

  • Topical Antifungal Medications – Over-the-counter or prescription treatments applied directly to the nail.

  • Oral Antifungal Medications – Prescription pills for more severe or persistent infections.

  • Laser Therapy – A non-invasive treatment that targets fungal infections with light energy.

  • Nail Removal – In extreme cases, partial or full nail removal may be necessary.

If you suspect a fungal toenail infection, early treatment can help prevent further complications. Contact Arch Foot & Ankle for expert diagnosis and effective treatment options.